Heracleum Plant Genus Guide
Article by Dean Ravenscroft, Ph.D.
Gardener's HQ does not recommend growing members of the Heracleum genus in the garden.
Some of the more common names for Heracleum plants include Cow Parsnip, Giant Hogweed, Cartwheel flower and Masterwort.
Be aware that the Giant Hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) has a phototoxic sap that can cause severe skin burns when exposed to sunlight. If you see this plant in your area, please report it to the local authorities so that it can be professionally destroyed.
Heracleum sphondylium - Hog Weed by Mick E. Talbot.
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Heracleum Identification Guide
Common Names: Hogweed, Giant Hogweed, Cow Parsnip, American Cow Parsley, Cartwheel Flower, Giant Masterwort.Life Cycle: Hardy perennial.
Height: 110 to 144 inches (280 to 365 cm).
Native: Central Asia.
Flowers: Middle of summer.
Flower Details: White, pink. Umbels.
Foliage: Compound.
Miscellaneous: Invasive species in many areas especially parts of North America and Europe. Wear gloves as touching the Giant Hogweed plant may lead to Phytophotodermatiti (lime disease) resulting in skin rashes.
Common Questions
How many members does the Heracleum genus have?
The Heracleum genus comprises about 60 species, notable for their large size and distinct flowering structures.
Are any members of Heracleum good garden or landscaping plants? Which Heracleum species are most frequently grown by gardeners?
Not really, although some Heracleum species, such as Heracleum sphondylium the Common hog weed, can make an interesting addition to a wild garden, it still needs to be handled with care due to their sap. It is not really recommended to grow members of this genus in the garden.
Is Heracleum invasive?
The Giant Hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) is considered invasive and a major issue in many parts of the USA (especially the Northeast, Midwest, and Pacific Northwest), the UK, and other areas of Europe too. As this plant can burn the skin when touched, it should be reported and destroyed by the authorities (do not under any circumstances grow it as a Garden Plant).
How do I remove Heracleum plants from my garden?
Removing Heracleum should be done with caution due to its phototoxic sap. It's recommended to use professionals from the local authorities for this task.
Summary
The Heracleum genus, part of the Apiaceae family, is made up of biennial and perennial herbs known as Hogweeds. Native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, they are identified by their large, umbel-shaped flower clusters. These are not recommended for gardens, with many species being invasicve and dangerous to touch. Report any sightings of Giant Hogweed to the local authorities if you see them growing in an area where it is considered invasive.
I hope that you enjoyed this guide on Heracleum plants. If you are looking for some plants that will be a much better fit for your garden, then take a look at mt gardening guides on how to grow Narcissus, Veltheimia plant, and Ixia plants.
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